Financing Arrangements |
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| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing Arrangements |
Financing Arrangements
A summary of our outstanding indebtedness as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is set forth below (in thousands):
(+) This facility is a component of the 2017 Credit Agreement.
(1) The principal amount outstanding of the 2.75% convertible senior notes due 2035 as set forth in the foregoing table was $82.5 million as of March 31, 2018, and is not the carrying amounts of this indebtedness (i.e., outstanding principal amount net of debt issuance costs and discount associated with the equity component).
(2)In the second quarter of 2018, we used a portion of the proceeds of the issuance of our Second Lien Notes to repay the full $78 million principal balance on our revolving credit facility, following which the full $85 million facility (reduced for approximately $6.2 million in letters of credit outstanding thereunder) became (and remains) available.
Senior Secured Credit Agreement (2017 Credit Agreement)
On January 6, 2017, we entered into a senior secured credit agreement (“2017 Credit Agreement”) that provides for aggregate principal borrowings of up to $585 million, consisting of a $500 million term-loan facility (the “2017 Term Loans”) maturing January 6, 2023 and a $85 million revolving credit facility (the “2017 Revolving Loans”) maturing January 6, 2022. We used the proceeds of borrowings under the 2017 Credit Agreement to repay the then outstanding balance under a former EMC credit facility assumed in the EMC Acquisition and terminated the former credit facility assumed from EMC. In connection with this January 2017 refinancing, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt in the amount of $14.5 million during the first quarter of 2017.
The 2017 Term Loans initially bore interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof at a rate per annum equal to (i) the Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) plus 6.00% or (ii) the Base Rate (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) plus 5.00% or (iii) the Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) for each Interest Period (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) plus 6.00%. The 2017 Credit Agreement initially required quarterly principal payments equal to 0.25% of the original aggregate principal amount of the 2017 Term Loans, with such payments reduced for prepayments in accordance with the terms of the 2017 Credit Agreement. The 2017 Revolving Loans initially bore interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) the Base Rate plus 5.00% or (ii) the Eurocurrency Rate or EURIBOR (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) plus 6.00% until the delivery of financial statements for the first full fiscal quarter ending after January 6, 2017, the closing date of the 2017 Credit Agreement. Now that we have delivered those financial statements, the 2017 Revolving Loans bear interest at a rate based on the Base Rate, Eurocurrency Rate or EURIBOR (each as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement) plus an interest-rate spread thereon that varies based on the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the 2017 Credit Agreement). The spread thereon initially ranged from 4.50% to 5.00% for the Base Rate and 5.50% to 6.00% for the Eurocurrency Rate and EURIBOR. In May 2017 and October 2017, the interest rates and required quarterly principal payments for the 2017 Term Loans and the interest rates and interest-rate spreads for the 2017 Revolving Loans were amended.
The 2017 Credit Agreement also provides for the issuance of letters of credit in the amount equal to the lesser of $15.0 million and the aggregate amount of the then-remaining revolving loan commitment. As of March 31, 2018, we had outstanding letters of credit of $6.2 million under the 2017 Credit Agreement.
Certain of our subsidiaries are guarantors of our obligations under the 2017 Credit Agreement. In addition, the 2017 Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets, including a pledge of all of the outstanding capital stock of substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the shares or equity interests of foreign subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.
The 2017 Credit Agreement contains various customary restrictive covenants that limit our ability to, among other things: create or incur liens on assets; make any investments, loans or advances; incur additional indebtedness, engage in mergers, dissolutions, liquidations or consolidations; engage in transactions with affiliates; make dispositions; and declare or make dividend payments. The 2017 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain compliance with a maximum consolidated first lien net leverage ratio, as set forth in the 2017 Credit Agreement. One of the conditions to drawing on the revolving credit facility is confirmation that the representations and warranties in the 2017 Credit Agreement are true on the date of borrowing, and if we are unable to make that confirmation, including that no material adverse effect has occurred, we will be unable to draw down further on the revolver. As of March 31, 2017, we were not in compliance with reporting covenants relating to the delivery of financial statements and other information. However, we have obtained waivers from our lenders that extended the deadlines for delivery thereof, and we have not at any time been in default under the 2017 Credit Agreement.
2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2035
In February 2015, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $82.5 million of convertible senior notes due 2035 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a private placement. The Convertible Notes were issued at par, pay interest semi-annually in arrears at an annual rate of 2.75% and mature on February 15, 2035, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes. In certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions, the Convertible Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 53.9084 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $18.55 per share), subject to adjustment. Holders of the Convertible Notes may convert their Convertible Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 15, 2034, only if one or more of the following conditions has been satisfied: (1) during any calendar quarter beginning after March 31, 2015 if the closing price of our common stock equals or exceeds 130% of the respective conversion price per share during a defined period at the end of the previous quarter, (2) during the five consecutive business day period immediately following any 5 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes for each trading day was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) if specified corporate transactions occur, or (4) if we call any or all of the Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the redemption date. On or after November 15, 2034, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, a holder may convert all or a portion of its Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
On February 20, 2022, February 20, 2025 and February 20, 2030 and if we undergo a “fundamental change” (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes (the “Indenture”)), subject to certain conditions, a holder will have the option to require us to repurchase all or a portion of its Convertible Notes for cash at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the relevant repurchase date. If our common stock ceases to be listed or quoted on Nasdaq, this would constitute a “fundamental change,” as defined in the Indenture, and the holders of the Convertible Notes would have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of their convertible notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of our convertible notes to be repurchased. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the Indenture) or if we deliver a redemption notice prior to February 20, 2022, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder that converts its Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change or redemption notice, as the case may be.
The Company may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to February 20, 2019. The Company may, at its option, redeem all or part of the Convertible Notes at any time (i) on or after February 20, 2019 if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide written notice of redemption and (ii) on or after February 20, 2022 regardless of the sale price condition described in clause (i), in each case, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Upon conversion of any Convertible Note, we shall pay or deliver to the converting noteholder cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election.
The Company separated the Convertible Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component of $69.5 million was calculated by measuring the fair value of similar liabilities that do not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component was calculated to be $13.0 million, and represents the conversion option which was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the principal amount of the notes. This difference represents a debt discount that is amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.
In accounting for the direct transaction costs (the “issuance costs”) related to the Convertible Notes, we allocated the total amount of issuance costs incurred to the liability and equity components based on their relative values. We recorded issuance costs of $1.8 million and $0.3 million to the liability and equity components, respectively. Issuance costs, including fees paid to the initial purchasers who acted as intermediaries in the placement of the Convertible Notes, attributable to the liability component are presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt instrument and are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The issuance costs attributable to the equity component are netted with the equity component and included within Additional paid-in capital in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Interest expense related to the amortization expense of the issuance costs associated with the liability component was not material during the three months ended March 31, 2018.
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the outstanding principal on the Convertible Notes was $82.5 million, and the outstanding Convertible Notes balance, net of debt issuance costs and discount associated with the equity component, was $69.9 million and $69.7 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, the equity component of the Convertible Notes was $13.0 million. Subsequent to March 31, 2017, we became non-compliant with our obligations under the Indenture relating to the delivery to the Indenture trustee of our 2016 annual financial statements and interim financial statements for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2017, and such non-compliance constituted an Event of Default (as defined in the Indenture) under the Indenture. As a result, immediately after the occurrence of the Event of Default and through such time as the noncompliance was continuing, we incurred additional interest on the Convertible Notes at a rate equal to (i) 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes outstanding for each day during the first 90 days after the occurrence of each Event of Default and (ii) 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes outstanding from the 91st day until the 180th day following the occurrence of each such Event of Default. (The Company cured its non-compliance relating to the delivery of the 2016 annual financial statements by filing its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K on November 17, 2017 and its interim financial statements by filing its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the first three quarters of 2017 on January 31, 2018.) However, the maximum additional interest was capped at 0.50% per annum irrespective of how many Events of Default were in existence at any time for our failure to deliver any required financial statements. The aggregate penalty interest incurred during this period of non-compliance was approximately $0.2 million.
Second Lien Notes due 2023 and Warrants
On March 27, 2018 (the “Closing Date”) we issued to Searchlight II TBO, L.P. (“Searchlight”) $150.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its Second Lien Notes, and to Searchlight II TBO-W L.P. warrants to acquire an aggregate of 18,065,775 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), at an exercise price of $0.01 per share (the “Penny Warrants”), and warrants to acquire an aggregate of 13,000,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.57 per share (the “Market Warrants” and, together with the Penny Warrants, the “Warrants”), for aggregate price of $150.0 million.
The Second Lien Notes mature on June 30, 2023. Interest on the Second Lien Notes will initially be payable in kind (compounded semi-annually) at a rate of 12.0% per annum. Interest will automatically convert to accruing cash pay interest at a rate of 10.0% per annum upon the earlier of (i) March 15, 2021 and (ii) the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Company for which financial statements have been delivered for which the Company’s “total net leverage ratio” has decreased to 3.39 to 1.0. Our “total net leverage ratio” is as defined in the purchase agreement relating to the Second Lien Notes (the “Purchase Agreement”), and uses a “Consolidated EBITDA” definition from the Purchase Agreement that is different than the “Adjusted EBITDA” figure that we publicly report to our investors.
Each of the Company’s subsidiaries that guarantees the Company’s obligations under its 2017 Credit Agreement guarantee the Second Lien Notes (the “Guarantors”) pursuant to a guaranty agreement (the “Guaranty”). The Second Lien Notes and the guarantees thereof are subordinated in right of payment to the obligations of the Company and the Guarantors under the 2017 Credit Agreement and are secured by the same assets securing the obligations of the Company and the Guarantors under the 2017 Credit Agreement on a second lien basis, subject to the terms of an intercreditor and subordination agreement (the “Intercreditor Agreement”) among the Company, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent and the collateral agent.
Prior to the third anniversary of the Closing Date, the Company may redeem the Second Lien Notes at a price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but excluding) the date of redemption. Thereafter, each Note will be redeemable at 105.0% of the principal amount thereof from the third anniversary of the Closing Date until (and excluding) the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date, at 102.5% of the principal amount thereof from the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date until (and excluding) the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date, and thereafter at 100.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to (but excluding) the redemption date. Upon a “change of control” (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), the Company must offer to purchase the Second Lien Notes at a price in cash equal to 101% of the principal amount of such Second Lien Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but excluding) the date of purchase.
The Purchase Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants of the Company and its subsidiaries consistent with those in the 2017 Credit Agreement (including limitations on the amount of first lien indebtedness that may be incurred) and contains customary events of default, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of which the majority holders of the Second Lien Notes may declare all obligations under the Second Lien Notes to become immediately due and payable. There are no financial “maintenance covenants” in the purchase agreement for the Second Lien Notes.
On the Closing Date, the Company and the Guarantors entered into a security agreement with the Collateral Agent (the “Security Agreement”). Under the Security Agreement, each of the Company and the Guarantors granted and pledged to the Collateral Agent, to secure the payment and performance in full of all of the obligations under the Notes, a security interest in substantially all of its respective assets, and all proceeds and products and supporting obligations in respect thereof, subject to customary limitations, exceptions, exclusions and qualifications, and the Security Agreement is subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.
Searchlight will not be permitted to transfer its Second Lien Notes before January 1, 2021, except to its controlled affiliates.
The Warrants
The Warrants vest and are exercisable at any time and from time to time after the Vesting Date (as defined below) until on or prior to the close of business on the tenth anniversary of the Closing Date. The Warrants vest and become exercisable on January 1, 2021 (the “Vesting Date”), if the 45-day volume-weighted average price of our common stock (as reported by Nasdaq) is at or above (i) $4.00, in the case of the Penny Warrants, and (ii) $2.40, in the case of the Market Warrants, in each case at any time following the Closing Date.
The holders of the Warrants cannot exercise the Warrants if and to the extent, as a result of such exercise, either (i) such holder’s (together with its affiliates) aggregate voting power on any matter that could be voted on by holders of the Common Stock would exceed 19.9% of the maximum voting power outstanding or (ii) such holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own more than 19.9% of our then outstanding common stock, subject to customary exceptions in connection with public sales or the consummation of a specified liquidity event described in the Warrants.
The Warrants also include customary anti-dilution adjustments.
Pursuant to the terms of a Warrantholders Agreement between us and Searchlight II TBO-W L.P., entered into on the Closing Date, the Company increased the size of its board of directors (the “Board”) to eleven members, and appointed each of Eric Zinterhofer and Eric Sondag as Class III directors (as such term is used in the Company’s certificate of incorporation) of the Board, with a term expiring in 2020. For so long as Searchlight and its controlled affiliates beneficially own at least 25% of the number of Penny Warrants issued on the Closing Date (and/or the respective shares of our common stock issued in connection with the exercise of the Penny Warrants), Searchlight shall have the right to nominate a number (rounded up to the nearest whole number) of individuals for election to the Board equal to the product of the following (such individuals, the “Searchlight Nominees”):
Searchlight will not be entitled to nominate more than one individual to the Board if it beneficially owns less than 50% of the Penny Warrants (or the underlying shares of common stock) issued or issuable on the Closing Date. In no event will Searchlight be entitled to nominate more than two individuals to the Board.
Searchlight’s rights to Board representation terminate if Searchlight and its affiliates have an employee, member or partner (other than a limited partner who is an investor in Searchlight) who is a director or executive officer of a competitor of the Company, or if Searchlight has a portfolio company that is a competitor of the Company.
Stock Buy-back Restriction
Until the earlier of (i) the date on which Searchlight no longer beneficially owns at least 25% of the number of Market Warrants issued on the Closing Date (and/or the respective shares of Common Stock issued in connection with the exercise of the Market Warrants) and (ii) January 1, 2021, without the prior consent of Searchlight, the Company will not directly or indirectly redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any equity securities of the Company for a consideration per share (plus, in the case of any options, rights, or securities, the additional consideration required to be paid to the Company upon exercise, conversion or exchange) greater than the market price (as defined in the Warrants) per share of common stock immediately prior to the earlier of (x) the announcement of such acquisition or (y) such acquisition.
Warrant Transfer Restrictions
Searchlight is not permitted to transfer its Warrants prior to January 1, 2021, except to its controlled affiliates or in connection with certain tender offers, exchange offers, mergers or similar transactions. The Warrants and the underlying shares of common stock are freely transferable by Searchlight on and after January 1, 2021.
Registration Rights
Searchlight has customary shelf, demand and piggyback registration rights with respect to the common stock (including shares of common stock underlying the Warrants) that it holds, including demand registrations and underwritten “shelf takedowns,” subject to specified restrictions, thresholds and the Company’s eligibility to use a registration statement on Form S-3.
Participation Rights
Until the earlier of (i) the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date and (ii) the date Searchlight no longer holds at least 50% of the Penny Warrants (or the respective shares of common stock underlying such Penny Warrants), Searchlight has participation rights with respect to issuances of common equity securities by the Company, subject to exceptions. These rights entitle Searchlight to opt to participate in future issuances by the Company of common equity or common equity-linked securities, subject to customary exceptions.
Standstill
Until the earlier of (i) the 18-month anniversary of the Closing Date and (ii) the date on which Searchlight owns less than
10% of the outstanding common stock (directly or on an as-exercised basis), neither Searchlight nor its affiliates may (unless invited by the Company’s Board) (a) acquire any voting equity securities or material assets of the Company if Searchlight (together with its affiliates) would beneficially hold in the aggregate more than 9.9% of the Company’s 2.75% convertible senior notes due 2035 or 9.9% of the Company’s common stock, (b) acquire all or a material part of the Company or its subsidiaries, (c) make, or in any way participate in any “proxy contest” or other solicitation of proxies, (d) form, join or in any way participate in a “group” (within the meaning of Section 13 (d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) with respect to any voting securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (e) seek to influence or control the Company’s management or policies, (f) directly or indirectly enter into any discussions, negotiations, arrangements or understandings with any other person with respect to any of the foregoing activities, (g) advise, assist, encourage, act as a financing source for or otherwise invest in any other person in connection any of the foregoing activities or (h) publicly disclose any intention, plan or arrangement inconsistent with any of the foregoing.
Amendment to Senior Secured Credit Agreement
In connection with the issuance of the Second Lien Notes, on March 8, 2018, the Company entered into the Sixth Amendment to the 2017 Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), among the Company, the Guarantors, the lenders party thereto and the Administrative Agent. The Sixth Amendment amends the terms of the 2017 Credit Agreement, in part, by:
The Company did not pay the lenders any fees in connection with the Sixth Amendment.
The aggregate contractual maturities of all borrowings due subsequent to March 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands):
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